Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Diversity and Hybridity Testing of Peanut F₁ Progenies Derived from Parents with Varying Oleic Acid Content and Late Leaf Spot Resistance using SNP Markers

Hybridity confirmation of F₁S is the key to success in any crop breeding programme. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping is emerging as a fast and cost-effective tool in crop breeding programs that evaluates large segregating populations to select plants with a combination of desirable traits. SNP markers, with their high specificity and polymorphism, enable precise hybridity verification in F₁ progenies.

The leaf samples were collected from parents viz., Kadiri Lepakshi, Kadiri 9 (K 9), Narayani and ICGV 201009 and F₁ plants. Polymorphic SNP markers linked to oleic acid content and LLS resistance were used for genotyping. Hybridity was confirmed by analyzing heterozygosity in F₁ progenies at the target loci using high-throughput genotyping platforms.

Fourteen out of twenty-four SNPs were informative and polymorphic between the parents. These markers differentiated the heterozygotes (F₁s) from the homozygotes efficiently. Out of 142 F₁ plants, 126 plants were confirmed as hybrids using 14 highly informative SNP markers. SNP markers, snpAH00110 and snpAH00113, common in all the three crosses for the identification of hybridity, were highly polymorphic among the parents and F₁s. SNP markers were very much useful for the identification of true hybrid seedlings in the early stage of growth and genotyping of the progenies more accurately for gene mapping and accelerating the breeding.