Integrated Morphological, Anatomical, Biochemical and Molecular Characterization of Uraria crinita (Fabaceae) in Vietnam

Uraria crinita (L.) Desv. ex DC. (Fabaceae) is a medicinal legume traditionally used in Vietnam and other Asian regions. However, comprehensive studies combining morphology, anatomy, biochemistry and molecular data are scarce. Integrating biochemical profiling and DNA barcoding with classical taxonomy ensures accurate identification, conservation and utilization of this valuable species.

A specimen of U. crinita collected from Quang Tri Province (Vietnam) was examined for morphological, anatomical and biochemical characteristics. Microscopic sections were prepared from FAA-fixed tissues for structural observation. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by spectrophotometric assays. Genomic DNA was extracted using the CTAB protocol and two regions (rbcL and ITS4-5) were amplified, sequenced and compared through BLAST and phylogenetic analysis using MEGA X.

The specimen exhibited characteristic features of Fabaceae, including imparipinnate compound leaves and purple racemose inflorescences. Anatomical observations confirmed dicotyledonous organization, particularly dense trichomes on the abaxial epidermis. Biochemical analysis revealed high total phenolic (22.19±0.54 mg GAE/g DW) and flavonoid (23.37±0.49 mg CE/g DW) contents, suggesting strong antioxidant potential. Molecular analysis showed that ITS (669 bp) and rbcL (540 bp) sequences shared 99-100% similarity with U. crinita accessions in GenBank (JN189714.1 and OQ885477.1), confirming the taxonomic identity. This integrative study combining morphological, anatomical, biochemical and molecular evidence provides comprehensive support for the identification of U. crinita. The biochemical richness of the species underlines its potential as a bioactive legume resource, contributing to its genetic conservation and pharmacological exploration.