Critical Analysis of Chitinase-Producing Microorganisms from Fish Scales

Chitin is a long-chain polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, an amide derivative of glucose, found in the exoskeleton of fish and arthropods such as crustaceans and insects, molluscs radula’s, and cephalopod beaks. and swordfish, as well as some nematodes and diatoms, fungi and marine organisms. Chitinase breaks glycosidic bonds in chitin and catalyses random endo hydrolytic of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-β-linkages in chitin. Most commercial seafood contains chitin from the processing of marine debris; This chitin poses a serious environmental problem as it is susceptible to decay. Chitin waste decomposes through chemical processes such as demineralization and deproteinization, causing corrosion problems. The enzymatic method is a green, effective method for chitin degradation and can be used as an alternative method. Chitinase plays an important role in breaking down chitin waste in the seafood industry, thus saving carbon. Increase the nitrogen balance in the environment by using shellfish waste. Chitinases play an important role in many fields, such as production of single proteins, growth, mosquito control, biocontrol agents of fungal pathogens, and isolation of fungal protoplasts. Therefore, the demand for microbial chitinase production has increased and this serves two purposes: I) reducing environmental hazards and (II) increasing the yield of supplementary products. Therefore, the scope of my research was narrowed down to the isolation, analysis, and properties of chitinase producers from various sources.