In-vitro study of potential antioxidant activities of mangosteen and its nanoemulsions

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are the major key component in cellular processes and participate in vital functions within cell signaling pathways, regulation of gene expression, and cellular metabolism. Mangosteen peel, rich in powerful antioxidants to prevent oxidative damage due to ROS, is believed to have potential health benefits. Nanoemulsion, a liquid dispersion with small droplets, can have significant applications in drug delivery due to their enhanced bioavailability and stability so which can be used to optimize the application of mangosteen peel extract. The aim of this research is to examine and compare the antioxidant potential of mangosteen peel compound and nanoemulsion (Garcinia mangostana L.). The mangosteen peel nanoemulsion was characterized by analysis using particle size analysis, zeta potential analysis and transmission electron microscopy. The antioxidant activity of several Mangosteen Nanoemulsion (NM) and isolate (MI) concentrations were analyzed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), nitric oxide (NO), and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays (FRAP). NM can be formulated and the average particle size of NM was 200.9 nm. The average zeta potential of NM was -69.36 mV. NM also has strong antioxidant activity. MI has higher antioxidant activities than MN. This study shows that the stability of MN and its potential as an antioxidant can be studied further in the field of pharmaceutical formulations.