Variation of oil contents and chemical compositions in clonal selections of Allium sativum

The aim of the study was to find out the variation in oil yield and chemical composition of Allium sativum (garlic) oil in various clonal selections during 2022. The garlic oil was obtained from fourteen clonal selections of A. sativum by hydrodistillation method and their chemical composition was determined by GC-FID and GC-MS. Analysis of the bulbs of different clonal selections collected from IARI, New Delhi showed the presence of 0.12 to 0.24% oil, based on a fresh weight basis. GC-FID and GC-MS analysis showed that the oils were rich in the allyl polysulfide group of compounds and contained diallyl trisulfide (50.77-74.87%), diallyl disulfide (6.66.18-84%), ally methyl trisulfide (0.52-13.33%), diallyl tetrasulfide (4.27-39.07%) as major compounds. Methyl-2-propenyldisulfide (0.04-1.16%), and allylsulfide (0.83-1.14%) were identified as minor compounds in the oils. The analysis showed tremendous variation in the oil content and the major compounds of the garlic clonal selections. These results suggest that high garlic oil-bearing clonal selections can be used to produce garlic oil with abundant sulfide compounds which can be used as the source of diallyl trisulfide and diallyl tetrasulfide compounds.