Diuretic and natriuretic activity of ethyl acetate fraction of Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) leaves in NaCl-induced wistar rats

Persea americana (avocados) is a fruit-producing plant and is commonly used in traditional medicine. The leaves are utilised in the treatment of hypertension. This study aimed to evaluate the diuretic and natriuretic activity of the ethyl acetate fraction of avocado leaves. The diuretic activity of Persea americana ethylacetate fraction (PAEF) was evaluated using urine volume and concentration of Na⁺, K⁺, and Cl^- ions. The natriuretic, saluretic, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitory (CAI) activities were calculated based on the excreted ion concentration data. The PAEF showed a dose- and time-dependent increase in urine and ion volume. At 50 mg/kg BW doses and 100 mg/kg BW, PAEF showed higher electrolyte levels (p<0.05) and better saluretic, natriuretic, and CAI activity than furosemide. The PAEF showed good diuretic and natriuretic activity. Theses activities are derived from phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Subsequently, Avocado leaves should be considered a natural diuretic agent for hypertension and kidney failure treatment.