Optimizing peppermint pot herb production: The role of different potting media and nutrients

Peppermint (Mentha piperita) is a highly valued medicinal and aromatic plant extensively utilized in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, and herbal industries. Optimizing its cultivation in pot culture is crucial for small-scale growers, urban gardeners, and commercial cultivators seeking high-yield, high-quality peppermint while ensuring sustainable resource utilization. This study aimed to standardize the potting substrate and nutrient regimen for peppermint pot herb production, focusing on enhancing plant growth, yield, and sustainability. A factorial completely randomized design (CRD) experiment was conducted at the ICAR - Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta, Bengaluru, Karnataka, over three consecutive growing seasons (2021–2022). The study evaluated three potting media composition [red soil + farmyard manure (FYM) + sand (1:1:1 v/v), Arka fermented cocopeat (AFC), and AFC + vermicompost (1:1 v/v)] in combination with different nutrient treatments [128:24:144 ppm NPK, 96:18:108 ppm NPK, Jeevamrutha @ 50 ml/pot, and Jeevamrutha @ 100 ml/pot]. Results indicated that the combination of red soil + FYM + sand with 128:24:144 ppm NPK was the most effective treatment, producing the tallest plants, maximum branching, and highest herbage yield. However, organic amendments, particularly Jeevamrutha @ 50 ml/pot, significantly enhanced fresh and dry biomass accumulation, demonstrating the potential of organic alternatives for sustainable peppermint cultivation. These findings highlighted the importance of selecting appropriate potting media and balanced nutrient applications to optimize peppermint growth and yield while minimizing environmental impact. This research provides practical insights for improving peppermint cultivation in urban and peri-urban settings by promoting eco-friendly practices, reducing dependency on synthetic fertilizers, and enhancing soil health.