Antimicrobial activity of in vitro raised callus of Tylophora indica Merr. against resistant bacteria harbouring bla genes and comparison with its parent plant

Alcoholic extract of leaves of an endangered medicinal plant Tylophora indica and its in vitro raised callus were analyzed for antimicrobial potential against various gram positive and gram negative bacteria including those harbouring resistant bla genes by agar well diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the extracts were determined by broth microdilution method. The extract of parent plant showed potential antimicrobial activity against gram negative bacteria and mild activity against those harbouring bla genes, whereas, the extracts from in vitro raised callus also showed antimicrobial activity against gram positive, gram negative and resistant bacteria harbouring bla genes. The MIC values of the alcoholic extracts of in vitro raised callus against gram positive and gram negative bacteria ranged from 1.53 to 24.0 μg/ml, whereas, those harbouring bla genes ranged from 12.0 to 98.0 μg/ml. The present study showed that in vitro raised callus gave promising results in comparison to parent plant. Hence, in vitro cultivation may be used to obtain antibacterial compounds especially at places where it does not grow naturally. This is the first report of antimicrobial activity of in vitro raised callus of Tylophora indica against gram negative bacteria harbouring bla genes.