Digitalisation of public distribution system

Reducing poverty and encouraging social welfare are the key goals of India's Public Distribution System (PDS), one of the biggest food security programs in the world. It aims to provide subsidized food grains and essential commodities to millions of economically disadvantaged citizens. Over time, the system has been improved to better serve the public, making it more transparent and accountable. As a result, the government introduced digitalization into the public distribution system. The research paper highlights the impact of digitalization on the PDS in India, with a specific focus on the Surat district of Gujarat. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of digital initiatives in improving the efficiency, transparency, and accessibility of the PDS, ultimately enhancing food security for vulnerable populations. Using a mixed-methods approach, including quantitative analysis of government data and qualitative interviews with stakeholders, the research evaluates the implementation and outcomes of digital interventions such as the digitalization of ration cards, biometric authentication, electronic point of sale (ePOS) devices, and mobile applications, SMS alerts, and the digitalization of all offline services like the registration of ration cards and license procedures of FPS. Findings reveal significant improvements in distribution accuracy, reduction in leakages, and enhanced beneficiary satisfaction following the introduction of digital platforms. Nonetheless, issues with digital literacy, infrastructure, and connectivity continue to exist, especially in rural areas. The paper concludes by highlighting policy implications and recommending strategies to address remaining barriers and optimize the potential of digitalization in the PDS, not only in Gujarat but also across India.