Changing concepts in crop protection - a perspective view

Crop protection has traversed a long way from the conventional approaches to more advanced modern technologies. The predominantly chemical-based approach, that has been a part of the green revolution technologies, is giving way to the integrated approach of environment friendly technologies with less and less dependence on chemical pesticides. In this context, molecular biology has played an important role in developing resistant varieties through transfer of desired genes from wild and unrelated sources using various tools such as MAS, RNAi, recombinant DNA and CRISPR gene editing systems. Emphasis is being given to develop new pesticides based on green chemistry with least impact on the environment and to use them in an integrated manner along with other control methods including biological. Decision support systems can play significant role in reducing the use of pesticides. Much attention is also given on induced resistance in crop plants through use of various biotic and abiotic agents. Focus needs to be given to redefine pest management strategies in the wake of emerging pest scenario due to climate change. This review gives a perspective account of various technologies developed in the recent past and their scope in managing agricultural pests and pathogens with minimal impact on the environment.