In view of scarcity of fossil fuels and increasing price, the attention is increasing towards the renewable energy sources. However, as the renewable energy sources are available in several forms (i.e. sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves and geothermal heat), one of the main concerns of the renewable energy is storage is one of the great challenges in this century. For the renewable storage high energy density materials is the key parameter. Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) represent one of the most promising solutions for energy storage. The demand for high energy density, low cost and environmentally friendly batteries makes high-capacity electrode (cathode/anode) materials very attractive for future LIBs. In this review, we focus on the state-of-the-art research activities related to high energy materials for LIBs, including historical development of LIBs, fundamentals of electrochemistry and electrode materials for Li-ion batteries.
Lithium ion battery, High energy density, Cathode, Anode
