Effect of sowing methods on growth, yield and economics of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal) under rainfed conditions

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), also known as Indian ginseng, is an important ancient plant of family Solanaceae. It is considered to be one of the best rejuvenating agents in Ayurveda. Its roots, seeds and leaves are used in Ayurvedic and Unani medicines. Ashwagandha root drug finds an important place in treatment of rheumatic pain, inflammation of joints, nervous disorders and epilepsy. The demand of Ashwagandha root is growing at very high rate. It is very easy to cultivate under rain fed conditions. Keeping its importance and market demand present study was under taken to find out the best cultivation techniques for the region. Under this study on farm trial was conducted for two years on the field of 7 farmers. Method of broadcasting, line sowing on raised bed and transplanting of 20–25 days old seedling were assessed with the help of observation on growth components, yield, economic return and quality of root. Line sowing on raised bed method was found better in respect of growth, root yield (4.73 q/ha), economic return (Rs. 32410/ha) and root quality. But on the basis of benefit-cost ratio (3.07), lesser cost of cultivation (Rs. 9414/ha), and easiness in the cropping broadcast method was found optimum and highly remunerative under rainfed conditions of Vindhyan region of U.P.