Evaluation of results of combined Phacoemulsification and Pars Plana Vitrectomy

The cataract and vitreoretinal disease commonly coexist in the elderly population and the presence of cataract hampers visualization in vitreoretinal surgery, thus concurrent removal of cataract helps in better visualization of retina during vitreoretinal procedures. With expanding indications of vitrectomy the need for vitreoretinal surgeries are increasing. The present study is carried out to assess the results of combined phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation and pars plana vitrectomy in eyes having coexisting vitreoretinal disorders with significant cataract. It is a prospective, non-comparative, consecutive, interventional study. Total 80 patients were operated for combined phacoemulsification with IOL and PPV from January 2011 to December 2013. All new cases of vitreoretinal disorders with significant cataract were included, whereas high risk diabetic retinopathy cases where two sequential surgeries were done and previous failed vitrectomy cases were excluded from study. Sixty seven followed up patients were analyzed for anatomical attachment of retina and visual acuity gain. Total 80 patients between 23 to 78 (mean age 54.22) years, 37 female and 43 male with significant operable cataract and variety of vitreoretinal disorder were operated. Out of 67 cases visual acuity improved in 43 (64.18%), deteriorated in 8 (11.94%), remained unchanged in 16 eyes (23.88%) and the anatomical attachment of retina was achieved in 59 eyes (88.06%). Postoperative complications were inflammation in 7 (10.45%) eyes and posterior capsular opacification (PCO) in 8 (11.94%) eyes. Combined phacoemulsification with IOL and PPV is convenient, economical, single step method for treatment of coexisting cataract and vitreoretinal disorders. Phacoemulsification performed at the time of vitreoretinal surgery helps better visualization of posterior segment and facilitates surgery without added risk of complications.