A study of prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the common causes of chronic liver disease worldwide and is an emerging important cause of liver disease in India. In the general Indian population, the prevalence of NAFLD is approximately 9–30% but much higher estimates are reported in obese and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Total of 185 diabetic and 105 non-diabetic patients were randomly selected from diabetic and medicine OPD. After taking informed consent, all patients undergone history, examination and routine laboratory investigations, LFT, lipid profile, HbA1c, serum ferritin, C-reactive protein and USG. The results of cases and control were compared with unpaired t-test and p value <.05 was considered significant. The study group (n=185) was divided into a NAFLD group (n=102) and a non-NAFLD group (n=83) and non-diabetic control (n=105). The prevalence of NAFLD in DM was 55.68% and in non-diabetic was 20%. The NAFLD was significantly associated with high BMI, waist circumference and waist hip ratio, higher HbA1c, higher triglyceride levels, hypercholesterolemia, low HDL levels. Serum CRP level (p<0.00001) and serum ferritin level (p<0.0001) were significantly high in NAFLD patients with DM-2. This study showed that patients with central obesity, Poor Glycemic control and dyslipidemia are at increased risk of developing NAFLD. Serum ferritin and Serum CRP could be good noninvasive marker for screening of NAFLD in asymptomatic patients.