Population dynamics and on-farm fruit fly integrated pest management in mango orchards in the natural area of niayes in senegal

The trend of the population of fruit flies follows the dynamic of the rains. This is more perceptible in Bactrocera invadens (Drew) than in Ceratitis cosyra (Walker). From 350 individuals captured per trap, B. invadens seemed to disrupt the presence of C. cosyra and the other related fruit fly species. Such behavior is probably due to an interspecific competition and could be the fact that C. cosyra dominated emergences from the incubated fruits of alternate host plants up to 87% even though B. invadens was observed.

Integrated pest management (IPM) package was tested which included:

(1) male annihilation using wood blocks soaked in insecticide (malathion 50 EC) and lure (methyl eugenol and terpinyl acetate), (2) protein hydrolysate bait applications (Success Appat at 1 liter per ha) and (3) sanitation (weeding and destroying of the collected fallen fruits by the following practices: using black plastic bags, burying in holes, burning on the ground surface and incinerating with a barrel transformed into incinerator).

Aim was to control fruit flies in mango orchards. Results showed a control as an inferred improvement in fruit fly infestations in the treated plot up to 83% compared to the untreated. From all above particular method implemented to destroy collected fruits, a reinforced black plastic bag would be recommended for popular use.

When we compare methyl eugenol to the home-made baits of grinded or ground nutmeg and NET, a beauty cream, we found that methyl eugenol attracted significantly B. invadens. Methyl eugenol's half life is also significantly longer (5 weeks) than the grinded nutmeg (less than 1 week) (P = 0.0109; t = 9.4935; df = 2). No capture was recorded in the NET based trap. In case of lack of methyl eugenol, the grinded nutmeg might be recommended as an alternative product to renew every week.