Agro-morphological characteristics and genetic diversity of glutinous rice (Oryza sativa) landraces in north Vietnam

The genetic relationship analysis of local glutinous rice is very important for genetic management, conservation and new varietal selection. The experiment was conducted during 2018-19 at Dien Bien district, Dien Bien province, Vietnam to assess the agro-morphological characteristics and genetic diversity of 42 accessions of glutinous rice landraces. Results showed that the varieties have relatively diverse growth times, are largely middle-day group, and mainly medium-to-high plant height with weight of 1000 grains from medium to high majority. In addition, Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) was calculated by using 35 polymorphic SSR markers. Then a cluster analysis of rice collection was performed from the similarity matrix using the Unweighted Pair- Group Method Analysis (UPGMA). The results investigated a total of 106 alleles with an average of 3.03 per locus. PIC values ranged from 0.08 to 0.84, with an average of 0.5. The genetic similarity coefficient of 42 studied rice landraces ranged from 0.63 to 0.97. Based on UPGMA for molecular data using NTSYS-pc 2.1, 42 glutinous rice landraces were divided into 7 groups with genetic differences which could possibly lay a foundation for the development of glutinous rice varieties in Vietnam.