Liposomes Containing Azithromycin and Green Tea as an Anti-Acne Treatment: Formulation and Characterization

Liposomes and other novel drug delivery carriers are highly adaptable, allowing for the distribution of a wide range of pharmacological compounds. The antibiotic azithromycin is widely regarded as the most effective treatment for acne. Lower efficacy or higher negative effects have led to decreased use of topical azithromycin. In this study, liposomes have been chosen because it is hypothesised that this may lessen the drug’s side effects when used in conjunction with Azithromycin. Traditional herbal therapies have been intensively investigated as alternatives to conventional treatments for many ailments due to the possibility for side effects and antibiotic resistance from conventional pharmaceuticals. Thanks to its antibacterial qualities, green tea is one of the most effective natural therapies for acne. The lipid film hydration method was used to create drug-loaded liposomes, and the optimal component ratios were established. Liposomes were studied for their in-vitro drug release properties and characterised for their vesicle size, shape, encapsulation effectiveness, and drug content. Formulations F1 and F6, which included a 1:1 ratio of fat to cholesterol, showed the highest levels of encapsulation efficiency (69.5% and 66.2%, respectively) and in-vitro drug release (82.5 and 82.2 percent, respectively). Carbopol gel has been modified to include liposomal formulations, and the results have been compared to those of commercially available gels that do not use liposomes. Within 24 hours, the release of azithromycin (90.5%) was greater in the non liposomal marketed gel than in the liposomal gel (77.5% and 74.8%) of green tea. Green tea liposomes used in the formulation had a MIC value that was comparable to that of commercially available, non-liposomal gel. It was discovered that azithromycin was more effective than green tea in killing Micrococcus luteus.