Liquisolid compact tablet: An innovative approach for enhancing bioavailability and solubility

Liquisolid compacts represent a promising technology for improving the dissolution and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Pharmaceutical scientists face significant challenges in formulating such drugs, as many newly discovered active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) exhibit solubility issues that hinder their absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Liquisolid systems convert liquid pharmaceutical formulations into dry, free-flowing, and compressible powders by mixing non-volatile solvents with carrier and coating materials. Liquisolid Tablets offer a unique advantage for the formulation of poorly soluble drugs by enhancing dissolution and bioavailability. Compared to other drug delivery systems, they are cost-effective, easy to manufacture, and provide a stable, solid dosage form with the solubility advantages of liquids. Liquisolid tablets are especially beneficial for large-scale production, where other systems like soft gelatin capsules or nanosuspensions may be more costly and complex to produce. Liquisolid systems can be classified into powder drug solutions, powder drug suspensions, and powder liquid drugs, with further classification based on the formulation technique into Liquisolid compacts and microsystems. The main components include carrier materials, coating materials, non-volatile solvents, disintegrants, and lubricants. Despite the advantages, such as improved dissolution rates and controlled drug release, the technology is limited to water-insoluble drugs and may face challenges when dealing with high-dose formulations. This review discusses the preparation, formulation, advantages, disadvantages, and various evaluation techniques employed in Liquisolid compacts, offering insights into their potential for enhancing drug delivery and bioavailability.