Promising Development in Vaginal Drug Delivery: Recent Advances for Peptide and Protein Drug Delivery

Extensive efforts have been made to the administration of drugs, via alternative routes, that are poorly absorbed after the oral administration. The vaginal route of drug delivery has been known since ancient times for gynecological disorder. Traditional drug delivery systems for vaginal and oral application have employed waxes, oils, natural macromolecules, and a relatively small number of water-soluble and -insoluble synthetic polymers as critical formulation material. In recent years, the vaginal route has been experience again as a potential route for systemic delivery of special hormones and some anti-HIV and other therapeutically important macromolecules emerging with many smart and modified carrier systems are tried for gynecological disorder like Amenorrhea. However, successful delivery of drugs through the vagina remains a challenge, primarily due to the poor absorption across the vaginal epithelium. The rate and extent of drug absorption after intra vaginal administration may vary depending on formulation factors, vaginal physiology, age of the patient and menstrual cycle. The purpose of this review is to provide the reader with an awareness, diagnosis and possible treatment of Amenorrhea with summary of advances made in the field of vaginal drug delivery and provide an easy understanding of various vaginal drug delivery systems currently available in the market.