Plumbago zeylanica: A Review of its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activities

Plumbago zeylanica, commonly known as Ceylon leadwort, is a traditional medicinal plant with diverse applications in various indigenous systems of medicine. This review article aims to give outline about the botanical, pharmacological, and therapeutic properties of Plumbago zeylanica, highlighting its significant role in modern and traditional medicine. It also include different method of extraction of Plumbago zeylanica. The study explores the extraction methods of bioactive compounds from the bark and leaves of Plumbago zeylanica. Different solvents, including petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and 70% methanol, were used for extracting compounds from the plant material through soxhlet extraction. The extracts were then purified and dried, and their yield was determined. The physical evaluation of Plumbago zeylanica extracts involved determining various parameters such as ash value, loss on drying, and extractive values. These evaluations provide essential information for quality control and standardization of the plant material. The plant is known for its rich chemical composition, primarily consisting of bioactive compounds such as plumbagin, a potent naphthoquinone with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties. Several studies have demonstrated the plant’s therapeutic potential in treating ailments such as wounds, fever, arthritis, and gastrointestinal disorders. Additionally, its applications in enhancing cognitive function, as well as its promising anti-cancer and anti-diabetic effects, are discussed to encouraging and making attention of scientist for producing new drugssubstances and substantial use of the plants.