Phytochemical and Pharmacological Insights into Tetrataenium nepalense: An Integrative Review

The Heracleum genus holds 94 identified compounds, all of which suggest essential biological functions. With this, this literature study aims to focus on a particular species of the Heracleum genus, “Tetrataenium nepalense”, which belongs to the family Umbelliferae. Commonly found in Sikkim and the Darjeeling district of India. The study aims to explore the available literature data on this plant, as ethnomedicinal evidence suggests that it possesses essential biological functions, including anti-inflammatory, carminative, wound-healing, antibacterial, anti-diarrheal, tonic, digestive, analgesic, and anticonvulsant properties.

A Literature survey was conducted using various search databases, including SpringerLink, PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. Papers from 1975 to the latest paper from 2025 were referred to for this review article. Result: The goal of this review was to organise up-to-date and thorough information on the pharmacology, phytochemistry, and ethnobotanical uses of Tetrataenium nepalense to create new avenues for future research, including potential applications as functional components in foods.

From the review study of Tetrataenium nepalense it could be concluded that this plant Tetrataenium nepalense, is being traditionally used as medicinal plants by the local people of the Himalayan region, as its chemical constituents reveal that due to the presence of numerous compounds like Furanocoumarins, including bergapten, byakangelicol, phellopterin, xanthotoxin, isopimpinellin, imperatorin, primary phytochemicals like alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoid, glycoside, saponins make it ideal for the its pharmacological activity.