Biological activities and chemical moieties as scaffold for the design of pharmacological lead compounds for alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major problem in today's societies. More than five million Americans are living with Alzheimer's disease in the United States, with the majority being 65 and older. According to the Alzheimer's Association Report, the number of persons affected by Alzheimer's disease in the United States would rise to fourteen million by 2060.Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by impaired synaptic transmission and brain atrophy, as well as the formation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The condition is usually associated with cognitive, functional, and behavioural changes. Several pathophysiological paths for Alzheimer's disease have been hypothesized, some of which interact and influence one another. Current Alzheimer's disease treatment focuses on using therapeutic drugs to reduce symptoms in Alzheimer's patients. Because of the disease's complex nature, standard single-target therapeutic techniques frequently fail to have the desired impact. As a result, multi-target methods have been developed, with the goal of simultaneously targeting various targets involved in the development of AD. This paper provides an outline of the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease and current pharmacological therapy.