A review on Moyamoya disease – (Rare brain disease)

The clinical review of Moyamoya disease (MMD) and Moyamoya syndrome is presented in this article (MMS). We discuss the prevalence, epidemiology, pathology, historical background, clinical and radiographic findings, diagnostic imaging modalities, radiographic grading systems, the efficacy of medical, interventional, and surgical treatment, as well as some of the subtleties of surgical treatment options. Pediatricians, neurologists, neurosurgeons, and other clinical professionals who are involved in treating patients with this uncommon clinical entity will benefit from reading this article. MMD may be a inveterate occlusive cerebrovascular malady characterized by dynamic stenosis of the terminal portion of the inside carotid supply route and an anomalous vascular arrange at the base of the brain. It is an intrinsic primary disease process that results in bilateral progressive stenosis of the anterior intracranial circulation, with involvement of the proximal portions of the intracranial internal carotid artery (ICA), extending to involve the proximal portions of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA), and middle cerebral artery (MCA). Moyamoya disease has several unique clinical features, which include two peaks of age distribution at 5 year and at about 40 year. A growing number of patients are benefiting from intracranial and extracranial revascularization, which is a common surgical treatment for MMD. Based on previous research; In this review, we summarise the epidemiology, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, surgical treatement and outcomes of moyamoya disease. Recent updates and future perspectives of moyamoya disease are also discussed. Recent updates and future perspectives of moyamoya disease are also discussed.