Role of Interleukin 1 in Gingival Tissues in Chronic Periodontitis-A Review

The diagnosis of active phases of periodontal disease and the identification of patients at risk for active disease pose a challenge for periodontist. Advances in oral and periodontal disease diagnostic research are progressing towards methods whereby periodontal risk can be identified and quantified by objective measures, such as biomarkers. IL-1 a potent cytokine, stimulates the proliferation of keratinocytes, endothelial cells and enhances fibroblast synthesis of type I procollagen, hyaluronate, and fibronectin. Therefore, IL-1 is a critical component in maintain the homeostasis of periodontal tissues. This review discusses the role of IL-1 in periodontitis.