Lead Toxicity on Male Reproductive System and its Mechanism: A Review

Heavy metals toxicity is a major threat to public health throughout the world. Considerably, Lead exposure is decidedly common and capable of inducing permanent damage to various organs. Several evidence were showing the risk of lead toxicity on male reproductive system. But there is no comprehensive data available to deliver the adverse effects of lead in male reproductive parameters. So, this review attempts to explore the negative effects caused by lead exprosure's in experimental and clinical studies. Several studies shown that there is significant alteration takes place in antioxidant level, semen parametres, spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis. In addition, it also upadtes the reader about the possible adverse effects arise in gene expression and alteration takes place in reproductive hormones.