Structure and Expression Characteristics of Bone Morphogenic Protein 3 in Fracture of Human Jaw Bones

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a group of growth factors, which are also known as cytokines and as metabologens. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multi-functional growth factors belonging to the transforming growth factor ß (TGF-β) superfamily. It has the ability to induce the formation of bone and cartilage. Family members are expressed during limb development, endochondral ossification, early fracture, and cartilage repair. BMP 3 negatively regulates bone density and is highly expressed in fractured tissues. This article reviews the genetic structure and expression of bone morphogenic protein 3 and its clinical implications.