Estimation of Alkaline Phosphatase level in the Serum and Saliva of Hypothyroid Patients with and without Periodontitis

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) found on most cell membranes in the body. Hypothyroid patients tend to exhibit higher than normal bone density usually with normal or low ALP. Abnormal salivary ALP level reflects destructive processes in alveolar bone in periodontitis.

This study aims to measure the level of ALP in serum and saliva of hypothyroid patients with and without periodontitis.

Serum and saliva were collected from 60 hypothyroid patients (total patients) with age ranged between (20–64) years, 30 of them with periodontitis and 30 without periodontitis; compare with 30 subjects as control with ages between (20–53) years. Detection of ALP in serum and saliva was done by using ALP –liquicolor.

The current results revealed that serum ALP levels are significantly low (P<0.001) in hypothyroid patients groups with and without periodontitis as compared to control, and there are no significant differences between hypothyroid patients with and without periodontitis. While salivary ALP levels in patients group with periodontitis are significantly high (P<0.001) as compared to control group, and there are no significant differences (P>0.05) between patients without periodontitis and control.

The present study provides evidence that activity of ALP is dropped significantly in serum indicate that bone resorption occurs at a lower rate as a result of decline thyroid hormones, which can affect oral health, concluded alveolar bone and periodontal tissue destruction indirectly.