Alzheimer's Disease Pathophysiology and its Implications

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a destructive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory defeat and impairment in behavior. Accordingly, although there is presently no “cure” for Alzheimer's disease. A large number of potential therapeutic interventions have emerged that are designed to correct loss of presynaptic cholinergic function. A few of these compounds have confirmed in delaying the deterioration of symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, a valuable treatment target considering the progressive nature of the disease. This review summarizes the main underlying neurobiological mechanisms in AD, including the theory with emphasis on amyloid peptide, cholinergic hypothesis, the role of tau protein, and the involvement of oxidative stress in Alzheimer. We also shed light on the inflammatory process involved in the progression of Alzheimer along with its recent advances in the treatment.