Translational Chemotherapy for triple negative Breast Cancer-A Review on significance of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP 1) inhibitors

Breast Cancer, the most common cancer observed in women around the world^[1], accounts for 12% of all new cancer cases and nearly 25% of all cancers in women^[2]. Breast Cancer, a heterogenous disease, is evident over a broad differentiation in phenotypes and morphological profiles, with an after effect of various clinical behaviours^[3]. From an estimated 1 million breast cancer cases diagnosed worldwide, 170, 000 are of triple negative phenotype (15–20%)^[4]. Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is a substantially histopathological category based, where there is deficiency of expression of hormone receptors (ER and PR) as well as no transmutation of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)^[3]. They are characterized by poor prognosis and aggressiveness construed by low five-year survival and high recurrence rates after adjuvant therapy. TNBC share arresting correlation with basal-like breast cancers. It is observed with high frequency of BRCA1 mutations and a heightened Ki-67 expression. Taxanes and/or platinum compounds and PARP 1 inhibitors are a good choice of treatment for TNBC^[4]. The intent of this review is to highlight the relevance of PARP 1 inhibitors on TNBC and display an in depth discussion regarding these futuristic inhibitors.