Black yeast beta glucan for insulin resistance prevention through IL-33, ST2 and leptin Level: An In vivo study of an obesity model using Sprague dawley rats

Obesity is defined as a condition of excessive fat accumulation in adipose tissue. Adipose hypertrophy stimulates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and recruitment and polarization of M1 macrophages. To maintain homeostasis, there is an increase IL-33 expression and a decrease ST2s in obesity. IL-33 expression correlates with leptin expression in adipose tissue. Black yeast beta glucan decreases the pro-inflammatory modulator and increases anti-inflammatory factors, as well as decreases adipose macrophage tissue infiltration levels. This study aims to prove the effect of black yeast beta glucans on IL-33, ST2 and leptin levels. This research design is true experimental with post test only group design. The experimental animals used were male Sprague Dawley strain rats. Rats were divided into 5 (five) groups (normal feed, high fat feed and 3 high fat feed groups with black yeast beta glucan doses of 0.135grams, 0.270grams and 0.540grams). Elisa method is used to analyze IL-33, ST2 and Leptin levels. Statistical analysis used two way ANOVA and continued with the least significant difference test (LSD). There was an increase in IL-33 and leptin levels, and a decrease in ST2 levels. There was no difference in the effect of black yeast beta glucans on IL-33, ST2 and leptin levels. However, with further statistical tests, there is a difference in the effect of black yeast beta glucan on IL-33 and Leptin levels at a dose of 0.270grams. The conclusion of this study is black yeast beta glucan can increase IL-33 and leptin levels at a dose of 0.270grams.