1Department of Biotechnology, Sree Sastha Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chembarambakkam, Chennai-600123
2Department of Bio Engineering, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies, Pallavaram, Chennai-600117
3Department of Biotechnology, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies, Pallavaram, Chennai-600117
Diazotrophs are nitrogen-fixing microorganisms that are capable for biotransformation of nitrates and nitrites into ammonia, which are directly used by plants. Nitrogenase enzyme is useful in Nitrogen fixation and they are used as potential biofertilizers to provide the growth and nutrition supply for plants. Various microorganisms are involved in nitrogen fixation and responsible genes of various diazotrophs were analyzed. The results reveal the most efficient gene sequences for nitrogen fixation and provide a homologous similarity between those microorganisms. The study relates the potential Nif gene transfer in various microorganisms. More research is needed to focus on the more effective alternatives for biofertilizers and development of genetically modified diazotrophs to enhance the future demands.
Nitrogen fixation, Diazotrophs, Nitrogenase, Nif gene, GM Diazotrophs
