Analgesic activity of Annona squamosa Linn fruit peels on Swis Albino mice

Pain affects millions of people and often causes major health problems. Often opioid analgesic or NSAIDs are prescribed to relief pain but for long term use can cause various adverse effects which lead to the necessity to discover a potential analgesic compound. There is lack of scientific evidence on the Annona squamosa analgesic property with the relationship of the phytochemical constituents. As a preliminary study which aims to evaluate the potential analgesic property of Annona squamosa Linnaeus fruit's peel and leaves extract by using mice. The fruit peel and leaves coarse powder was underwent extraction process using petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol as solvent extract for 24 hours. The extracts were evaluated for presence of the phytochemical components. Each extracts were tested for tail flick immersion test and acetic acid induced writhing method for both central and peripheral analgesic evaluation by using Albino mice. The test extract and standard analgesic drug (tramadol, and diclofenac sodium) were compared for analgesic activity. In conclusion, it was suggested that the crude 50 mg/kg ethanolic fruit peel extract showed the most significant centrally and peripherally acting analgesic activity compared to other test extracts. It showed the presence of various phytochemical constituents such as alkaloids, tannins or phenolic compounds, flavanoids, phytosterol, and glycosides contributes to the analgesic and possess anti-nociceptive activity.