Comparative study of wound healing potential of glyceryl trinitrate, diltiazem and ropan tail in wistar rats

Healing of wound is a dynamic, complex, process. It consists of series of cellular and biochemical events that leads to re-establishment of anatomical continuity. Various factors affect healing of wound.That leads to chronicity of wound. Anal fissure is a painful, chronic, non-healing wound. In this condition chronicity is due to spasm of anal sphincter and local ischemia.It is treated surgically by sphincterotomy to eliminate sphincter spasm. Therefore, Glyceryl trinitrate(GTN) is used as a non-surgical alternative treatment due to its spasmolytic activity. Diltiazem, a calcium channel blocker is also used in chronic anal fissure. GTN and Diltiazem were compared for their therapeutic effect. The healing effect of glyceryl trinitrate and diltiazem are due to smooth muscle relaxation resulting in mitigation of sphincter spasm and local ischemia. ‘Ropan Tail’ is an ayurvedic preparation.It is used traditionally to promote healing of clean wounds. The present study was undertaken to determine wound healing potential of GTN and Diltiazem apart from their spasmolytic action and to determine wound healing potential of Ropan tail. To compare the wound healing potential of GTN, Diltiazem and Ropan tail in wistar rats. We have also studied effect of Ointment base of GTN and Gel base of Diltiazem to see whethere wound healing is due to drug itself or potentiated by their bases. Study was carried out in 36 male wistar rats weighing 150-250g.They were divided in six groups, 6 rats per group Control (Normal saline), Glyceryl trinitrate, GTN Ointment Base, Diltiazem, Diltiazem Gel Base and Ropan tail respectively. Excisional wound, 500 mm2 circular in shape was created. Topical application of drugs that is Control (Normal saline), GTN, GTN Ointment Base Diltiazem, Diltiazem Gel Base and Ropan tail was done since next day of wounding. Two parameters were studied viz; wound contraction and period of epithelization. Results- Ropan tail has enhanced the percentage of wound contraction when compared to Glyceryl trinitrate, Diltiazem and control. Period of epithelization was reduced by ropan tail significantly when compared to Glyceryl trinitrate, Diltiazem and control groups. Conclusion: To conclude Glyceryl trinitrate and Diltiazem have wound healing potential apart from their spasmolytic action. Ropan tail has better wound healing potential compared to GTN, Diltiazem.