Hydrogel based nanosponges drug delivery for topical applications-A updated review

The invention of nanosponges (NSs) has become a significant step providing solutions for several formulation related problems. Main aim is to prevent overdosing and for control release of drug. Nanosponges are mesh like structures. The size range is below 1μm and highly porous with a three-dimensional network and nanometric cavity. Because of porous nature and small size they can bind poorly-soluble drugs and improve their bioavailability. Nanosponges are novel drug delivery system by avoiding circulation throughout the body. It provide therapeutic amount of drug to the site of action and maintain the desired drug concentration. Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs can fit in to nanosponges. Nanosponges can also be an effective carrier for enzyme, proteins, antibodies and vaccine. These can be loaded to the formulations such as lotions, gel, ointments, cream, powder or liquid were orally and topically can be given.