Treatment of Skin Cancer by Topical Drug Delivery of Nanoparticles: A Review

Nanoparticles offer novel openings for the management of dermal diseases. The skin being a largest organ of the body poses a barrier to all the delivery system including nanoparticles to permeate deep in to the cells or tissues. This barrier was ruptured in case of skin trauma or injury and also in the case of skin cancer. This conditions of the skin allowed the nanoparticles to permeate through the skin for the treatment of cancer. Worldwide research is going in to the formulation and development of the Nano carrier for the dermal delivery through the skin. But the little or negligible technology transfer occur from the R&D to Industry for the treatment of skin cancer using nanoparticles. The main aim of review is to discuss about the basic fundamentals of cancer with relate to dermal delivery of drug through Nanoparticles. The nanotechnologies for dermal delivery of drugs were explained for their effective tool for skin cancer. In this review types of skin cancer with various nanotechnologies were discussed along with pathology of disease and various therapies used. Further we had discussed challenges in developing the nanoparticles for the treatment in the skin cancer therapy. Finally various therapies like Chemotherapies, Immunotherapy, Gene therapy, Nano carriers combined with physical methods and Laser irradiation therapies were summarized.