GC-MS analysis and in vitro Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity study of DCM-ME extract of Dendrophthoe falcata (L.F) Ettingsh leave against human lung carcinoma (A-549) and human Chronic Myelogenous leukemia (k-562) cell Line

The present study explored GC-MS analysis and in vitro antioxidant cytotoxicity study of dichloromethane: methanol (DCM-ME) extract of Dendrophthoe falcata plant and fractions (DFDM I-III) against human chronic myelogenous leukemia, bone marrow (k-562) Human lung carcinoma (A-549) cell lines by MTT and SRB cell viability assay method. Phytochemical screening of DCM-ME extract shows the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, sterols and triterpenes. DCM-ME extract shows cell inhibition 84.15±0.12% and 86.11±0.52% at 80μg/ml (IC50 values 20μg/ml, GI50 <20μg/ml) by MTT and SRB assay respect to Cisplatin (IC50<7.5μg/ml), Adriamycin (GI50 <2.5μg/ml). DFDM-I fraction shows significant effect (p< 0.01) with maximum cell inhibition activity 43.93±0.88%, and at 20μg/ml shows moderate activity (p<0.05) with cell inhibition 60.11±0.33% by MTT assay. SRB assay shows that DFDM-I at (10μg/ml) shows significant effect (p<0.01) with 47.72±0.33%, and at 20μg/ml shows moderate effect (p<0.05) with cell inhibition 65.15±0.58%. DCM-ME extract shows cell inhibition 70.72±1.15 at 80μg/ml (IC50 values 19.39μg/ml) against A-549 cell lines DFDM-I shows moderate effect (p<0.05) 51.56± 1.15 at 20μg/ml by MTT assay. Antioxidant activity evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging activity found to be 87.27±3.76% for extract and 83.02±1.15, 78.03±2.49 76.03±2.33% for fractions respectively and 98.26±2.56% for ascorbic acid. GC-MS analysis DFDM-I fractions by Agilent 7890A GC coupled with Agilent triple quadrupole mass detector shows that the presence of the 17 phytocompounds. The major bioactive compounds of DFDM-I fractions were separated and identified as 3, 7, 11, 15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol (27.0%), 6, 10, 14-trimethyl-2-Pentadecanone (52.8%), Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (56.4%), 1, 1-Diphenyl-4-phenylthiobut-3-en-1-ol (40.8%), Hexadecanoic acid butyl ester (57.6%), and 1-Monolinoleoylglycerol trimethylsilyl ether (35.1%). The study showed that the presence phytochemicals in the leaves extracts of D. falcata might be responsible for cell inhibitory potential against k-562 cell lines.