1Anbar Education Directorate, Iraqi Ministry of Education, Anbar, Iraq
2Botany and Microbiology Dept. Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
3Al-Azhar Center for Fermentation Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology, Al-Azhar University, 11884, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
4Alanbar General Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Anbar, Iraq
*Corresponding Author E-mail: adad15693@gmail.com
Online published on 21 February, 2023.
Plant extracts promise natural sources of antivirulence chemicals thanks to their broad availability and various phytochemical antivirulence components. The main antivirulence components of plants are essential oils. 130 isolates were obtained from neonates (≤1 year old) from February, 2020 to February, 2021. All studied isolates were diagnosed by traditional methods like biochemical tests, Vitek-2 system, and 16srRNA using conventional PCR. Profile of antibiotics resistance ratio for Streptococcus agalactiae were Penicillin 20%, Clindamycin 68%, Chloramphenicol 46%, Tetracycline 82%, Erythromycin 100%, Imipenem 12%, and Ciprofloxacillin 26.47%. All genes (Cyl E, Spb1, and bibA) were detected by conventional PCR and the molecular frequency showed 64% of strains positive for Cyl E gene and 56% of strains harbored bibA genes, while 48% of Streptococcus agalactiae contain Spb1 gene. This research showed the coexistence of bla Cyl E, Spb 1 and bibA genes in 48% strains of Streptococcus agalactiae. Extraction of clove extract was carried out using methanol and it analysed using GC-MS to detect active compounds, such as Eugenol (60.10%). The effect of clove extract against biofilm formation, haemolysin, and protease activity was significant (p-value < 0.01).
Clove extract, Cyl E, Streptococcus agalactiae, Virulence factors, Spb 1 and bibA
