Priapism on chronic myeloid leukemia with BCR-ABL1 fusion gene identified by molecular test: A case report

The incidence of hematological malignancies has elevated in recent decades. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a hematopoietic stem cell malignant clonal disorder resulting in elevation of erythroid cells and platelets in peripheral blood and clear myeloid hyperplasia in the bone marrow. Priapism is one of a rare clinical manifestation and serious complication in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML). It is cause due to hematological disorder is most likely due to venous obstruction as well as hyperviscosity due to an increased number of circulating leukocytes mature and immature forms. We report a 30-year-old male came to the emergency room, presented with priapism caused by Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) with hyperleukocytosis. The rarity of this case reiterates the importance of thorough morphological, cytogenetic examination along with radiology in diagnosing, treatment and follow up of patients. Starting leukemia therapy to reduce the leukocyte count immediately, can solve the problem in hyperleukocytosis that caused priapism in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML).