Extraction, purification and characterisation of four new alkaloids from the water plant Pistia stratiotes: POM analyses and identification of potential pharmacophore sites

Currently, during the period of intensive development of scientific production, it is important to obtain phytopreparations from sources of raw materials of plant origin. The biological diversity of plants is amazing. The study of the composition of aquatic plants rich in active substances of biotechnological significance is currently an urgent problem. Biologically active substances are involved in various regenerative reactions and metabolic processes in the organism, being part of enzymes. Alkaloids are important nitrogenous compounds found in the plant and are widely used in medicine. The aim of the present study was to identify alkaloid compounds from the composition of the aquatic plant Pistia stratiotes, grown in a model experiment in laboratory conditions by highly effective liquid chromatography and determine the molecular structure by nuclear magnetic resonance. In addition, based on the molecular structure of alkaloid compounds found in the aquatic plant Pistia stratiotes, a study of the properties of pharmaceutical activity was conducted on the pharmaceutical site POM (Petra/Osiris/Molinspiration). According to the results of the study, 4 types of identified alkaloids were identified by the IR, 1H, 13C-NMR method. They: 1-Aza-10-methoxy-4-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroanthracene-9-O-b-D-glucopyranoside, 4,6-dimethoxy-8-prenyloxyfuroquinoline, 4,7-dimethoxy-6 - (3 ’- methyl-3 ’- methoxy-2 ' - oxy) butyl-oxifuroquinoline , 4,7-dimethoxy-6 - (3 ’- methyl-2 ’- oxy-3 ' - chlorine)butyloxifuroquinoline. As a result of the analysis of the identified POM alkaloids (Petra/Osiris/Molinspiration), predictions of antitumor activity were made. The presence of a (NH^d+--- O^d-) moiety indicates a potential antitumor pharmacophore site. The challenge is to verify our hypothesis experimentally and to confront virtual POM data and real anticancer screening.