GC–MS analysis and fabrication of nanoparticles of Buchanania lanzan oil for the anticancer activity

This paper aims to study the phytochemical analysis of Buchanania lanzan oil and the anticancer property of its PEG-coated chitosan nanoformulation. The GC-MS analysis of Buchanania lanzan oil showed 24 compounds. In literature, pharmacology active compounds like β –sitosterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol, fucosterol, campesterol, stearic acid, tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, squalene, n-hexadecanoic acid, and palmitic acid reported to have a therapeutic effect on cancerous cells. 3² factorial design is a type of experimental design, was utilized to optimize the nanoformulation to achieve maximum entrapment efficiency and minimum particle size. Independent factors were the chitosan and PEG concentration while dependent factors were entrapment efficiency and particle size. The optimized Buchanania lanzan oil encapsulated nanoformulation (BOCNo) has a particle size of 490.18 nm and entrapment efficiency of 59.08%. Buchanania lanzan oil and optimized BOCNo has shown significant anticancer activity against prostate cancer (PC3), lung cancer (A549), and liver cancer (MIAPACA) cell lines having IC 50 value of 9.03g/ml, 7.50g/ml, and 15.63g/ml and 11.84g/ml, 19.50g/ml, and 17.09g/ml respectively. Anticancer effect of PEG-coated nanoformulations of Buchanania lanzan oil attributed to better penetration by increased permeability and fusion of drug molecules. Buchanania lanzan oil and BOCNo have a promising cytotoxic potential against prostate cancer, lung cancer, and liver cancer by owning the presence of therapeutically active compounds which synergistically act via multiple protective mechanisms.