Formulation and antibacterial essay of topical cream enriched with (Chromolaena odorata) leaf extract originating from ie seuem geothermal area, district of Aceh Besar, Indonesia

Anti-bacterial creams containing herbs and natural products are important because they provide a safe and effective alternative to chemical-based products. C. odorata leaf extract contains numerous active chemicals that can be used to formulate antibacterial cream for topical application. This study aims to formulate an antibacterial topical cream containing active chemicals extracted from C. odorata leaf originating from geothermal area, and evaluate physicochemical properties of the formulated topical cream followed by in-vitro antibacterial activity of the formula. The C. odorata leaf extraction was performed by cold extraction using ethanol and its chemical contents was investigated using GC-MS followed by predicted bioactivity profile using a computer software. Physicochemical evaluation performed include organoleptic evaluation, spread ability, pH values, viscosity measurement, and homogeneity test. GC-MS spectra indicates that the ethanolic extract of C. odorata leaf contains 22 compounds dominated by alcohol derivative compounds and terpenoids where most compounds shows bioactivities when simulated using a computer program. The formulated cream corresponds to the standard of topical cream with good physical stability, homogeneity, and viscosity. The pH of the cream was found to be stable over 28 days after formulation. The antibacterial test against S. aureus indicated that the cream is active to inhibit the bacteria where F3 shows better results compared to other formulations and the positive control. The C.odorata leaf extract formulated as topical cream have shown great activity against S.aureus at the concentration of 10% due to various chemical contents including alcohol derivatives and terpenoids.