Determining the anticancer effect of Gefitinib-loaded NLCs through investigating the inflammatory cytokine (JAK-STAT) pathway

This research aims to investigate the feasibility of using nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) loaded with Gefitinib to treat colorectal cancer by focusing on the inflammatory cytokine pathway, particularly on the JAK-STAT pathway. As part of the study, Gefitinib-loaded NLC (Nano-GEF) was prepared by homogenization method. Colorectal cancer cells HCT116 were subjected to a series of tests to determine cytotoxicity, including morphological assessment, MTT assay, DNA fragmentation analysis, evaluation of interleukin cytokines, and JAK-STAT pathway expression. According to the study's results, Nano-GEF has far stronger anti-cancer effects than the pure drug (GEF) against cells of colorectal cancer. Morphological studies and cytotoxicity assays confirm the selective action of Nano-GEF on cancer cells. Furthermore, the expression of pathways mediated by JAK-STAT provides further evidence of Nano-GEF's effectiveness as a potential anti-cancer therapy. By focusing on the inflammatory cytokine pathway (JAK-STAT), this research shows that gefitinib-loaded NLC might be a good technique to treat colorectal cancer. Based on the results, Nano-GEF has the potential to be an effective anti-cancer method that is more selective than the pure drug. These findings open the door to the creation of innovative pharmaceutical products as well as the possibility of applications in the assessment and treatment of cancer.