Chitosan as biomaterial for wound healing: Mechanisms and various applications

Several materials are used to promote wound healing. However, natural polymers work better than synthetic polymers for wound healing. Chitosan is a naturally occurring biopolymer that has several beneficial biological properties, such as biocompatibility and biodegradability, that make it helpful for wound healing applications. Chitosan is a biomaterial obtained from deacetylated chitin. Because of their ease of acquisition, hemostatic, antibacterial properties, and ability to promote skin regeneration, chitosan hasgained significant research on skin wound repair. In this review, we have discussed the mechanisms of wound healing of skin by chitosan promoting haemostasis, anti-inflammation, and proliferation of granulation. This review discussed the various applications of chitosan in wound healing process. We also provided latest information of chitosan playing the major role in preclinical studies, theranostic applications, and clinical trials for wound healing process.