Evaluation of natural antioxidants from different varieties of Ficus carica leaves grown in west Sumatera Indonesia

One of the important benefits of fig leaves is their ability as a natural antioxidant. However, further research is needed to comprehensively assess the antioxidant potential of fig leaf extract. The present research aimed to examine the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract and the fraction of five varieties of Ficus carica leaves grown in West Sumatra Indonesia; Panache Tiger (PT), Red Palestine (RP), Green Jordan (GJ), LSU Gold (LG), and Bajihong (BJ). The extraction process uses the Ultrasound-assisted extraction method and the fractionation process uses a separating funnel. Sample solutions were prepared in five concentrations: 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 μg/ml. Antioxidant testing was carried out using the DPPH (2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). UV-Vis double beam spectrophotometry measured the absorbance in each sample solution. The IC₅₀ values of ethanol extract F. carica leaves PT, RP, GJ, LG, and BJ varieties were 19.4132; 19.0150; 17.5623; 19.7136; 22.8838 μg/mL, hexane fraction were 84.6393; 84.5263; 83.8990; 85.3026; 87.7560 μg/mL, ethyl acetate fraction were 20.3750; 18.7451; 18,1990; 22.5833; 27.8047 μg/ml and water fraction were 19.7137; 18.2529; 15.9352; 20.6544; 22.9029 μg/ml. The antioxidant activity of the five varieties of F. carica in this study in hydro-alcoholic fraction, ethanol extract, and ethyl acetate fraction was classified into a very strong category, while the hexane fraction was in a strong category. It can be concluded that the F. carica leaves in this study have the potential as antioxidants whereas the Green Jordan variety in hydro-alcoholic fraction has a higher.