Characterization and biological activities of phycocyanin extracted from Spirulina platensis local isolate of Maninjau lake, West Sumatra, Indonesia

Phycocyanin is a protein pigment from the cyanobacteria Spirulina platensis (S. platensis) which is the main pigment containing bioactive compounds that can act as nutraceuticals and supplements. The focus of this research is to characterize and biological activities Phycocyanin from S. platensis was isolated from Maninjau Lake, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Phycocyanin production from S. platensis is enhanced by the induction of sodium glutamate as metabolic stress. Characterization of Phycocyanin extracted from S. platensis was carried out by UV-Vis and FTIR. Biological activities assay as an antioxidant was determined by the ABTS method with the Trolox standard and the inflammation test was determined based on inhibition of BSA protein denaturation and inhibition of lipoxygenase enzymes. Phycocyanin production was increased by giving MSG (7.5mM) as metabolic stress in the growth medium, the concentration of Phycocyanin (48.7±0.443mg/L) compared to no MSG (29.68±0.364mg/L). Characterization with UV-Vis showed that the absorption at a wavelength of 620nm was Phycocyanin, based on the FTIR results on the spectrum, peaks appeared indicating the carbonyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl groups, primary and secondary anima bonds, pyrrole rings. Antioxidant activity of Phycocyanin obtained IC₅₀ is 46.32ppm, using standard Trolox where IC₅₀ of 18.773ppm. The activity of Phycocyanin as anti-inflammatory with the BSA protein denaturation inhibition method obtained an IC₅₀ of 62.3ppm compared to the standard Aspirin IC₅₀ of 42.17ppm. Inhibition of lipoxygenase enzyme to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of Phycocyanin obtained IC₅₀ of 48.73 ppm. The Phycocyanin extracted from S. platensis has benefits as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory.