1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Singaraja, Bali, 81116, Indonesia
2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia
3Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, East Java, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
4Research Centre for Chemistry - National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
5Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (ICB), 80078, Pozzuoli (Na), Italy
*Corresponding Author E-mail: mudianta@undiksha.ac.id
Online published on 29 April, 2025.
The high incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) required a continued exploration of promising molecules that demonstrated good affinities with the pharmacological targets of AD. This study presented cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor screening of sponge extracts from under-explored waters, in Bali, Indonesia. The study identified ten sponges whose extracts exhibited low to high AChE inhibition percentages. One of the sponge extracts, Petrosia nigricans, displayed the highest inhibition 95.17%. Subsequent chromatographic purification of the extract returned a known pentacyclic hydroquinone, halenaquinolsulfate (HQS). This report was the first study on identifying HQS from the sponge of the genus Petrosia. Next, the compound displayed moderate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitions with IC50 values of 40.73±0.19 μg/mL and 53.12±0.32μg/mL respectively. This study expands the cholinesterase activities of the pentacyclic hydroquinone class of compounds isolated from marine sponges.
Sponge, Petrosia nigricans, Halenaquinonesulfate, Cholinesterase
