Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Interactions of Momordica charantia extract with Glibenclamide in Streptozotocin induced Diabetic rats

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has emerged as a leading global health problem. Diabetes is estimated to affect 425 million adults globally. Majority of diabetic patients take herbal medicines as supplement for the treatment of diabetes. The combined use of herbs and modern synthetic medicine has increased the possibility of pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) interactions. Momordica charantia (MC) commonly known as bitter melon/bitter gourd, is globally marketed for treatment of diabetes. Many diabetic patients consume MC extract along with antidiabetic drugs for better therapeutic effect with or without knowledge of health care provider.The current study evaluated PKPD herb-interaction of MC extract with glibenclamide (GLB) following oral administration either alone or in combination with MC extract for 28-consequative days. MC extract co-administratioin showed increased plasma exposure of GLB on Day-28 compared to glibenclamide alone treated groups with similar dosing regimen. Glibenclamide upon co-administration with MC extract showed improved pharmacodynamic parameters compared to glibenclamide alone treated groups suggesting synergistic or additive effect. Physician can reduce the glibenclamide dose in diabetic patients if they are taking MC as supplement.