Pharmacist monitoring intervention via telepharmacy on clinical outcomes and quality of life in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Pragmatic, prospective non-randomized controlled trial

Diabetes is one major causes of death. Pharmacist interventions show improvements on clinical outcomes and quality of life of the patient. Telehealth including telepharmacy has been widely used as an alternative to health services during the Covid-19 outbreak. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of pharmacist intervention through telepharmacy services on clinical outcome and quality of life of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 DM) at Universitas Indonesia Hospital. This study involved 70 patients with type 2 diabetes with a non-randomized controlled trial methodology. They were divided into an intervention group and a control group with 35 patients each. The intervention was carried out by conducting follow-up therapy monitoring via telephone call. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics between groups did not differ significantly (p> 0.05). HbA1c baseline was 7.65±1.94% in intervention group and 7.43±1.84% in the control group. A significance different were observed in the quality of life index patients between the intervention and control group (p<0.05). Furthermore, in HbA1c there were no significant difference changes but patients in the intervention group was (OR (95%CI) 1.28 (0.48 - 3.37) times higher in HbA1c improvement than in the control group (p>0.05). This study showed that telepharmacy provided by pharmacists could lead to enhanced patient quality of life (QoL).