Antidiabetic activity of nutmeg pulp (Myristica fragrans houtt) ethanol extract in rats induced by high glucose diet

Diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by impaired insulin due to damage to the pancreas, which is characterized by hyperglycaemia. If hyperglycaemia is not controlled, it will cause damage to the pancreatic tissue. This study aims to examine the effect of ethanol extract from nutmeg pulp on the histopathological appearance of the pancreas of rats induced by high glucose feed. This research was an experimental study using 25 diabetic rats induced by a high-glucose diet and grouped into five treatment groups. Negative control group was given Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) 0,5%, comparison group was given Metformin 500mg, nutmeg pulp extract (NPE) 100mg, 200mg, and 300mg. All test animals were induced with high glucose feed for 14^th days, then continued with administration of NPE and Metformin based on groups for 7 days. Blood sugar was measured on days 15, 17, 19, and 21 after administration of the extract and standard. The pancreas organ was removed on the 21^th day. The data obtained from the study were analysed using One Way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. The statistical significance between the groups at a significance level of P < 0.05. The results of the study showed that there was a significant reduction in blood glucose levels and improvement in pancreatic tissue (p<0.05) in the Metformin, NPE 200mg, and NPE 300mg groups compared to the negative control group. Nutmeg pulp extract showed activity in reducing blood sugar levels at doses of 200mg and 300mg.