Quantification of aloe-emodin in aloe-vera extract and commercial herbal formulation by RP-HPLC with QbD application and perform antimicrobial, antioxidant and anthelmintic activities studies

Aloe-emodin (AEM) compound has recently piqued the interest of researchers as a potential antineoplastic agent. A simple, precise, specific, accurate, and robust reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for quantification of aloe-emodin using the Box-Behnken Design (BBD) approach is used. Retention time and tailing factor are two examples of distinct variables which were chosen because they impact the response factors. Optimised mobile phase 0.1% orthophosphoric acid methanol: water (70:30, v/v), at pH 3.5 and its flow rate is 1mL/min, while the column has dimension Zodiac C18 (250mm x 4.6 i.d., 5m). Detection wavelength is 256nm. A distinct and symmetric peak was noted at 4.628 minutes. ICH guideline was followed for validation study. The validation parameter findings are within the permitted range. The calibration curve was linear over the tested concentration range of 10–50μg/mL. The antimicrobial, anthelmintic and antioxidant activities of an Aloe-Vera (AV) extract at various concentrations were investigated and showed good results. The IC50 value of aloe emodin (28.35μg/ml), herbal formulation (39.84μg/ml) and aloe vera extract (31.53μg/ml). In addition, the AV products also showed good anthelmintic activity against Pheretima posthuma. Time taken for paralysis and death were 0:30±0:09 h and 0:40±0:07 h for Aloe-emodin close to the standard albendazole but higher than the Aloe-Vera extract and herbal formulation at 20mg/mL concentration.